Whether commercial or residential, the modern world is currently seeing an increase in water reclamation practices. Reclaimed water, perhaps better described as "recycled water," is wastewater that has been filtered and treated for reuse, thereby limiting the need for fresh water use. This practice has increased in popularity over recent years. GAO reported 36 states as using reclaimed water in 2013, compared to just 23 states in 2003.
Topics: reclaimed water, reverse osmosis, water treatment, clean drinking water, water recycling, reverse osmosis pilot, save water, water treatment plant
An important part of operating membrane systems is accurate data collection on a daily basis. The data will help predict normal maintenance schedules and will help determine the cause of any system upsets. Comprehensive data is very useful in determining when the membranes need to be chemically cleaned, or eventually replaced. It also alerts the operator to changes taking place such as fouling, leaking “O” rings etc.
Topics: membrane treatment system, membrane treatment, water treatment, water quality, silt density index
There exists a potential for calcium, barium, strontium, fluoride and silica compounds to precipitate in the concentrate or brine channels of the reverse osmosis membranes. Precipitation occurs when the solubility limits of these various salts and silica is exceeded.
Topics: membrane treatment system, membrane treatment, water treatment, scale inhibitor
Membranes are loaded from the feed end of the pressure vessel. To better understand the installation procedure, the following definitions are helpful:
Topics: membrane treatment system, membrane treatment, water treatment, water quality
Membrane filtration can be explained as a method of allowing certain materials to permeate a surface while blocking others. For water, this means allowing clean water to flow through the membrane while eliminating sediments and other materials or pathogens. Membrane filtration is a multiple-step process which is considered to be one of the most cost-effective water treatments available.
Topics: membrane filtration, membrane treatment system, reverse osmosis, membrane treatment, water treatment, membrane plants, save money, water treatment plant
It is important to check on the level of semi-colloidal suspended solids in the feedwater to RO systems. The level can be estimated (not measured absolutely) by the Silt Density Index or SDI test which measures the blocking rate of a 0.45 micron filter pad under controlled pressure conditions.
Topics: water quality, ro calculations, silt density index
